Modified True/False
Indicate
whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the
statement true.
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1.
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In an experiment, it is important to keep everything the same EXCEPT the
variable you are testing. ________________________
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2.
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Computers are a technology that can be used to solve scientific problems.
________________________
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3.
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Data can be many things, including numbers and adjectives such as faster,
longer, greener. ________________________
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4.
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A seismograph is a type of technology. ________________________
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5.
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A student scientist reads an article on cells. This observation should
help him in his problem solving. ________________________
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6.
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For scientists, completing experiments and drawing conclusions are important.
There is also a need to conceal the results. ________________________
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7.
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There can be only one constant in an experiment.
________________________
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8.
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The dependent variable in an experiment changes in response to the
independent variable. ________________________
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9.
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Problem-solving steps used by scientists cannot vary from situation to
situation. ________________________
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10.
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To make an experiment valid, you should vary it.
________________________
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Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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11.
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A process for understanding the world is called ____.
a. | technology | c. | research | b. | science | d. | inference |
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12.
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With which of these locators is an artifact labeled?
a. | horizontal depth found | c. | vertical depth found | b. | relative positions of items | d. | all of these |
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13.
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The branch of science that studies the tools and cultural remains of humans is
called ____.
a. | anthropology | c. | archaeology | b. | geology | d. | technology |
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14.
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Francis wonders where his dog is getting through the fence. He found a spot
behind a bush where the fence is rotted away. What is his next step?
a. | form a hypothesis | c. | infer | b. | test the hypothesis | d. | draw a
conclusion |
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15.
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An archaeologist observing a number of human tools may be ready to form a(n)
____ that could be tested.
a. | hypothesis | c. | conclusion | b. | experiment | d. | variable |
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16.
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The radar used to survey an archaeological site is an example of a(n)
____.
a. | scientific process | c. | inquiry | b. | experiment | d. | technology |
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17.
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A scientific problem has no immediate ____.
a. | observation | c. | answer | b. | hypothesis | d. | inference |
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18.
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What should an experimenter do after forming a hypothesis?
a. | draw a conclusion | c. | test the hypothesis | b. | analyze the data | d. | recognize the
problem |
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19.
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When designing an experiment, everything should be the same except for the
____.
a. | data | c. | dependent variable | b. | independent variable | d. | control |
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20.
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Phylogeny tells ______.
a. | how an organism is different from other organisms | b. | how an organism has
changed over time | c. | how an organism received its two-part
scientific name | d. | how Linnaeus started binomial nomenclature |
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21.
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The smallest group in the classification system used today is called a
______.
a. | family | c. | kingdom | b. | genus | d. | species |
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22.
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Linnaeus developed a system of grouping organisms that was accepted by most
scientists. He grouped organisms with ______ together.
a. | dichotomous keys | c. | similar fossils | b. | similar structures | d. | similar hereditary
information |
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23.
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Organisms that can mate and produce fertile offspring belong to the same
______.
a. | species | c. | kingdom | b. | genus | d. | domain |
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24.
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All of these are characteristic of living things EXCEPT ______.
a. | homeostasis | c. | reproduction | b. | movement | d. | responds to
stimuli |
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25.
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Rough endoplasmic reticulum has ______ attached to it.
a. | ribosomes | c. | chloroplasts | b. | Golgi bodies | d. | lysosomes |
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26.
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All of these are ways to prevent viral infections EXCEPT ______.
a. | vaccines | b. | good sanitary conditions | c. | antibiotics | d. | controlling animals that spread the
disease |
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27.
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When you receive a vaccine, your body produces ______ to help fight the
infection.
a. | weakened viruses | c. | Golgi bodies | b. | interferons | d. | antibiotics |
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28.
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When an organism regulates its internal environment it is ______.
a. | growing into an adult organism | b. | reproducing | c. | responding to its
external environment | d. | maintaining
homeostasis |
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29.
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A group of cells that work together to do one job is called a(n) ______.
a. | organ system | c. | tissue | b. | one-celled organism | d. | organ |
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30.
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Your heart is an example of a(n) ______.
a. | tissue | c. | cell | b. | organ | d. | organ system |
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31.
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Latent viruses do all of these EXCEPT ______.
a. | destroy the host cell immediately | b. | make copies of their hereditary material as the
host cell reproduces | c. | enter a host cell by means of its cell
membrane | d. | insert their hereditary material into the hereditary material of its host
cell |
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32.
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An atom’s nucleus contains ______.
a. | neutrons only | c. | neutrons, protons, and electrons | b. | protons and
electrons | d. | protons and
neutrons |
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33.
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A chemical formula shows the kind and number of atoms that form a ______.
a. | compound | c. | solution | b. | mixture | d. | suspension |
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34.
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Organic compounds that store important coded information in cells are
______.
a. | carbohydrates | c. | nucleic acids | b. | lipids | d. | water molecules |
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35.
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The function of the selectively permeable cell ______ is to allow some things to
pass through it, but not others.
a. | cytoplasm | c. | nucleus | b. | membrane | d. | wall |
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36.
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Bacteria are taken into cells by ______.
a. | diffusion | c. | exocytosis | b. | endocytosis | d. | osmosis |
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37.
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Organic compounds are compounds that always contain ______.
a. | carbon | c. | nitrogen | b. | calcium | d. | oxygen |
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38.
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______ are organic compounds made of sugars or starches.
a. | Carbohydrates | c. | Lipids | b. | Enzymes | d. | Nucleic acids |
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39.
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______ are organic compounds that store energy.
a. | Enzymes | c. | Nucleic acids | b. | Lipids | d. | Proteins |
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40.
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In a(n) ______, substances mix evenly with other substances.
a. | inorganic compound | c. | solution | b. | organic compound | d. | suspension |
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41.
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The movement of large molecules through the cell membrane out of the cell is
called ______.
a. | endocytosis | c. | homeostasis | b. | exocytosis | d. | osmosis |
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42.
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If the movement of molecules requires energy, it is ______.
a. | active transport | c. | osmosis | b. | diffusion | d. | passive
transport |
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43.
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______ is a process that releases energy when oxygen is insufficient.
a. | Photosynthesis | c. | Fermentati | b. | Equilibrium | d. | Metabolization |
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44.
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______ are organisms that can’t make food.
a. | Plants | c. | Consumers | b. | Enzymes | d. | Producers |
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45.
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Producers use light energy to make ______.
a. | chlorophyll | c. | proteins | b. | glucose | d. | starch |
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46.
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Most of the life of any cell is spent in a period of cell growth and development
called ______
a. | interphase | c. | prophase | b. | metaphase | d. | telophase |
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47.
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All of the following are true of animals and plant cells during mitosis EXCEPT
______.
a. | only animals have spindle fibers | b. | only plants have rigid cells
walls | c. | only plants form cell plates | d. | only animals have
centrioles |
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48.
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All of the following are composed of body cells EXCEPT ______.
a. | bone | c. | liver | b. | kidney | d. | sperm |
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49.
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Each human skin cell has ______ pairs of chromosomes.
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50.
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Human sex cells have ______ individual chromosomes.
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51.
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In sexual reproduction, a new organism is produced when ______.
a. | cells divide by mitosis | b. | sex cells combine | c. | an organism divides
into two equal parts | d. | a new organism grows from the body of its
parent |
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52.
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By ______, a new organism can grow from just a part of the parent
organism.
a. | fission | c. | regeneration | b. | meiosis | d. | sexual union |
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53.
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In ______, a new organism grows from the body of the parent organism.
a. | budding | c. | regeneration | b. | fission | d. | sexual union |
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54.
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The number of chromosomes in a sex cell of an organism is its ______ chromosome
number.
a. | one | c. | RNA | b. | haploid | d. | zygote |
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55.
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Meiosis consists of ______ division(s) of the nucleus.
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56.
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At the end of meiosis, ______ cells have been produced from one cell.
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57.
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Proteins are made of units called ______, which are linked together in a
specific order.
a. | amino acids | c. | centromeres | b. | centrioles | d. | ribosomes |
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58.
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The code for making proteins is carried to the ribosomes by ______.
a. | tRNA | c. | mRNA | b. | DNA | d. | thymine |
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59.
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In DNA, adenine always pairs with ______.
a. | cytosine | c. | thymine | b. | guanine | d. | uracil |
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60.
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In a Punnett square, a capital letter (T) stands for a ______ allele.
a. | dominant | c. | recessive | b. | heterozygous | d. | sex-linked |
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61.
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The combination Tt represents a ______ genotype.
a. | heterozygous | c. | purebred | b. | homozygous | d. | sex-linked |
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62.
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Experiments with four o’clock flowers produced examples of ______
dominance.
a. | heterozygous | c. | incomplete | b. | homozygous | d. | recessive |
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63.
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Blood type is an example of ______.
a. | multiple alleles | c. | polygenic inheritance | b. | a pair of
genes | d. | sex-linked
genes |
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64.
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Color blindness is an example of ______.
a. | a sex-linked disorder | c. | a genetic disorder | b. | incomplete dominance | d. | polygenic
inheritance |
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65.
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Genetic engineering has already helped people by ______.
a. | altering pedigrees | b. | curing Down’s
syndrome | c. | eliminating infant deaths | d. | producing
medicine |
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66.
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Through recombinant DNA, scientists have been able to ______.
a. | cure color blindness | c. | alter viruses | b. | create new breeds of dogs | d. | improve
tomatoes |
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67.
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The explanation that species evolve by keeping traits that their parents
developed during their lives was proposed by ______.
a. | Darwin | c. | Laughlin | b. | Lamarck | d. | Slaughter |
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68.
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The theory of ______ states that organisms with traits best suited to their
environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.
a. | acquired characteristics | c. | natural
selection | b. | embryology | d. | survival of the smartest |
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69.
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Variations are important in populations because they can lead to ______.
a. | better environments | c. | more fossils | b. | less evolution | d. | new species |
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70.
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The movements of individuals into or out of a population provides a source of
______ to a population.
a. | mutations | c. | variation | b. | punctuated equilibrium | d. | camouflage |
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71.
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Most fossils are found in ______.
a. | bones | c. | sedimentary rock | b. | mollusk shells | d. | wood |
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72.
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Scientists can estimate the age of a fossil by comparing the amount of ______
with the amount of ______.
a. | sediment; radioactive element | b. | fossils; variation | c. | sediment;
fossils | d. | radioactive element; nonradioactive element |
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73.
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The fossil record is ______.
a. | vestigial | c. | unimportant | b. | complete | d. | incomplete |
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74.
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DNA studies show that the closest relative of a bear is the ______.
a. | dog | c. | sloth | b. | gorilla | d. | wolverine |
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75.
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All of the following EXCEPT ______ provide evidence for evolution.
a. | homologous structures | c. | vestigial structures | b. | acquired characteristics | d. | embryology |
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76.
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______ is/are NOT a characteristic of all primates.
a. | Binocular vision | c. | Flexible shoulders | b. | A large brain | d. | Opposable
thumbs |
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77.
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______ is NOT a characteristic of Australopithecus.
a. | Using stone tools | b. | Having a small brain | c. | Walking
upright | d. | Having a humanlike jaw and teeth |
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78.
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______ is NOT a characteristic of hominids.
a. | Eating meat | c. | Burying their dead | b. | Eating vegetables | d. | Walking upright |
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79.
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Homo habilis was given its name because ______.
a. | its brain cavity was very small | c. | stone tools were found near
it | b. | its jaw was human-like | d. | it was found in East Africa |
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80.
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The species Homo sapiens means ______.
a. | “handy man” | c. | “tool-using
man” | b. | “southern ape” | d. | “wise human” |
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81.
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______ was the least like modern humans.
a. | Australopithecus | c. | Homo habilis | b. | Cro-Magnon | d. | Neanderthal |
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Matching
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Match the term with the correct description. Some items may not be
used. a. | active transport | h. | metabolism | b. | diffusion | i. | mixture | c. | endocytosis | j. | organic compound | d. | enzyme | k. | osmosis | e. | exocytosis | l. | passive transport | f. | fermentation | m. | producer | g. | inorganic
compound |
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82.
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the total of all chemical reactions in an organism
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83.
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an organism that makes its own food
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84.
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movement of molecules from an area where there are many to an area where there
are few
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85.
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compound that does not contain carbon
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86.
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a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction in a cell
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87.
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passive transport of water by diffusion
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88.
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when the contents of a vesicle are released by the cell
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89.
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movement of substances without the use of energy
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90.
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large molecules are surrounded by the cell membrane and enter the cell
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91.
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a combination of substances; each substance keeps its identity
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Match each item with the correct statement below. Each type of
reproduction may be used more than once.
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92.
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used to make body cells
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93.
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used to make sex cells
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94.
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produces new cells with each having half as many chromosomes as the original
cell
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95.
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occurs in both plants and animals
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96.
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has eight steps in cell division
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97.
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has four steps in cell division
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Match each item with the correct statement below. Some items may not be
used. a. | evolution | f. | natural selection | b. | fossil | g. | punctuated equilibrium | c. | gradualism | h. | species | d. | hominid | i. | variation | e. | homologous | j. | vestigial structure |
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98.
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body part with no apparent function
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99.
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change in hereditary features over time
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100.
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model of evolution showing rapid change
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101.
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group of organisms whose members look alike and successfully reproduce
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102.
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remains of life from another time
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103.
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shares common characteristics with gorillas
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104.
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body part similar in origin and structure
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105.
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model of evolution showing slow change
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